Potential of Biohydrogen as Renewable Energy for Indonesia's Future

Abstract

Greenhouse gas emissions require the development of alternative energy that is easily accessible and renewable to answer the energy needs that continue to increase along with the increase in population. Fossil fuels have many disadvantages that impact on the environment and to overcome the problem of creating environmentally friendly energy is to produce biohydrogen by converting biomass. Biohydrogen is an alternative fuel from renewable natural resources, such as algae and bacteria. Biohydrogen has many advantages, one of which is that it does not produce harmful emissions like fossil fuels. The process of making biohydrogen can be done through bacterial fermentation, fungal fermentation, and photosynthesis. Biohydrogen production is environmentally friendly because it does not emit harmful greenhouse gases such as CO2, CO and NOx into the environment. Hydrogen can be used as an alternative fuel to fuel cells. Fuel cells work the same as batteries but do not require charging. The fuel cell consists of a positive electrode, negative electrode & electrolyte. Hydrogen is the positive electrode, and air is the negative electrode. It can be concluded that the production and utilization of biohydrogen is a promising solution to reducing dependence on fossil fuels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.